Saturday, December 28, 2019

Healthy Meals Of The Military - Examples For The Busy Man...

Healthy Meals of the Military - Examples For the Busy Man By Darryl Banton | Submitted On January 27, 2010 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest The typical work day is often so hectic and unpredictable that we often insist that nothing could be busier or worse. This is not really or honestly the case, when you seriously stop and think about it. If there is anyone who truly fits the definition of being a true Busy Man, that person is without a doubt a member of the military armed forces. This is someone who is called to respond to orders and situations on a moment s notice, and this does not always leave room or time in the schedule for eating at a leisurely pace. However, this does not mean that the soldier has to make do on only crackers and water. Great care in research, planning, and preparation has been made in ensuring that the caloric and nutritional needs of fighting men and women are properly met, not only in the case of members of the US military, but in military forces around the world. Much has been said about the feeding of soldiers in the past, with stories and legends about C-rations and K-rations, but what abo ut the present day? The Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) isShow MoreRelatedSociological Imagination : Sociology Imagination4152 Words   |  17 Pagesthese interactions and other people’s actions are influential upon other individuals and situations. As people live their lives, they get to learn from daily situations that teach them how to live each and every day. For example, drinking tea. Drinking tea is a very common example of sociological imagination. Drinking tea can be seen as a means of maintaining good health in the way that one might take daily vitamins. It could be considered a tradition or ritual as many people choose to drink tea ritualisticallyRead MoreSUBWAY Marketing Plan5476 Words   |  22 Pagesand Future changes in Marketing Environment at SUBWAY †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦18 7.0 Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..19 SUBWAY 1.0 Executive Summary SUBWAY was started 43 years ago in the summer of 1965 an enterprising 17 years old young man, Fred Deluca . Subway is the market leader in the sub and sandwich shops offering a healthier alternative to traditional fast foods. Subway’s annual sales exceeded $ 6.3 billion, while countless awards and accolades have been bestowed its chain overRead MoreSubway Marketing Plan For Subway Restaurants2935 Words   |  12 Pages Executive Summary SUBWAY was started 43 years ago in the summer of 1965 an enterprising 17 years oldyoung man, Fred Deluca . Subway is the market leader in the sub and sandwich shops offering a healthier alternative to traditional fast foods. Subway‘s annual sales exceeded $ 6.3 billion, while countless awards and accolades have been bestowed its chain over thepast 43 years . Subway has more than 28,000 units worldwide whilst its rapid growth hasattracted many investments and brought it many competitorsRead MoreWomen 1500 Ce Essay examples2657 Words   |  11 Pagesroyalty or the wives of men who had power and status.† (oi.uchicago.edu, 2010) Athenian women were not treated fairly either almost as if they were not even a citizen. â€Å"Laws forbade women and children from participation in political, judicial, and military affairs.†(Mahdavi, 2012) During the Ancient Persian Empire women brought more to their marriage than the men did. They could also divorce their husbands without reason and explanation. The Ancient Persian Empire is when women’s roles really beganRead More The Dangers of Metabolife Essay3943 Words   |  16 Pages(http://www.quantumhcp.com/obesity.htm). Government researchers and scientists developed the BMI to tak e height into account in weight measurements. It is important to realize that one cannot determine if one is obese based solely on ones weight. For example, if one weighs 145 pounds, is he or she considered to be obese? The answer to this question lies in also asking the person’s height. The answers would be different for someone who is 5’1 tall, 5’6, and 6’. Today, a BMI of 25 to 29.9 isRead MoreSleep and Time Essay7064 Words   |  29 Pagesasleep. Therefore I would not be able to complete my duties as a military police officer. Being a military police officer I should up hold the standards and the law appointed to me by the United States army. If I was asleep during an active shooter event that may take place at a bank or maybe the commissary, possibly even the PX in Hainerburg housing I would not be able to respond accordingly do to my current state. Being a military police officer means that I will be discipline physically and mentallyRead MoreCountry Note Book of China17054 Words   |  69 Pagesguide Guideline I. Introduction writing guide A significant aspect of China is its long cultural and national history. The Chinese people have shared a common culture longer than any other group on Earth. The Chinese writing system, for example, dates back almost 4,000 years. The imperial dynastic system of government, which continued for centuries, was established as early as 221 BC. Although specific dynasties were overturned, the dynastic system survived. China was even ruled at timesRead MoreSecurity Forces51988 Words   |  208 Pagesforces involving organizing and employing commands and forces, assigning tasks, designating objectives, and giving authoritative direction necessary to accomplish the mission. Operational control includes authoritative direction over all aspects of military operations and joint training necessary to accomplish missions assigned to the command. Operational control should be exercised through the commanders of subordinate organizations. Normally this authority is exercised through subordinate jo int forceRead MoreSAT Top 30 Essay Evidence18536 Words   |  75 PagesP age |1 Top 30 Examples to Use as SAT Essay Evidence An exclusive special report from eSATPrepTips.com By Christian Heath P age |2 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................. 4 Adventurers and Explorers: Amelia Earhart (Female Aviation Pioneer) ................................................................................................ 5 ChristopherRead MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 Pagesdirection-setting statements (goals, strategic intents and strategic missions) are derived from comments made by central characters in the organisation, business unit or top management team as described in the case and/or from public documents (for example, an annual report). Completing this step successfully can sometimes be difficult. Nonetheless, the outcomes you attain from this step are essential to an effective case analysis because identifying goals, intent and mission helps you to clarify the

Thursday, December 26, 2019

The Impact Of Information Architecture - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1316 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? In recent years, as the technology is changing to our society, people are more relying on Internet to find out the solutions for their everyday needs. As some instances, online shopping, learning, processing transactions, watching movies and making easy communications are usual activities today for most of the modern people. In between, there is no doubt about that government related issues are important for the residents or locals and foreigners of the country. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Impact Of Information Architecture" essay for you Create order There is no way to avoid those transactions if the person is visiting or living in a country and those transactions are also time consuming if try to process manually, for the reasons of travel time, waiting time and other unexpected matters (forgetting of important document and etc). So, governments try to provide the most of the transactions to be able to process via online partly for some of the transactions and some completely. But, there are some difficulties for the expect and the persons who are not familiar with internet so, it is really important to be user friendly and having simple layout in order to be able to use easily by both novice and expert user. In this paper, the studies regarding Information Architecture and Design required to consider when we are to going to develop a user-friendly and good-quality website. I chose the Immigration Checkpoints Authority (ICA) e-government website à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ww.ica.gov.sgà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? and made justification the site according to my studies regarding information architecture and design concepts especially usability views. Literature Review There are many different views on information architecture with many different areas. Information architecture is the practice of structuring information (knowledge or data) which are structured according to their context in user interaction or larger databases. Rosenfeld expresses the basic concept of IA as the interlinking of three major components: users (who they are, what their information-seeking behaviors and needs are), content (metadata, volume, formats, structure, and organization), and context (business value, business model, culture, politics, resources and resource constraints). Most of the website are developed emphasize on the userà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s requirements and goal. It is essential to consider the information architecture concepts in most of the website in order to let the user with usefulness, usability, efficiency and effectiveness when using the site. While designing the portal site, the first things to think about the target user and user groups and should consider what the user needs, what kind of task are user perform. Moreover, the mental/cognitive aspects should think such as attention (structuring information, use of alert mechanisms and colors,), memory (short-term memory, iconic memory, long-term memory), and the behavioral aspects such as information needs should be well thought-out to match with the usability concepts for the portal website. Furthermore, the interaction design are need to consider in order to let the site is attractive and well-designed especially navigation, search system. Case studies based on ICA website The Immigration Checkpoints Authority (ICA), e-government site, provides many services and functions including issuing of travel documents and identity cards to Singapore citizens and issuing various immigration passes and permits to foreigners. In this site, e-appointment, registration the IC online, applying the studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s pass for the foreign student via electronically and more services can be performed via this site. Figure-1 ICA website 1. Focus user group This ICA website targets different user groups such as citizens, permanent residents and visitors of the country (Singapore) and information are placed under the different user groups. 2. User Mental/ Cognitive Aspects 2.1 Perception and Attention In this site, the developer uses the alert mechanisms to grab reader attention for example; there is a flash image in the middle centre of the home page to be attractive to user. As information is presented with ample spaces, and text is legible and distinguishable from the background, so the website can be perceived easier by user. (According to the type of users, patterns are used with consistent text size and different colors to attract the userà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s focus). 2.2 Memory Iconic memory In this portal, the images and icons are used in terms of improvement of iconic memory. Short term memory (working memory) mental processing Information is well categorized to support the user short-term memory. So, the user can emphasize on relevant information and do not need to confuse with non-related information. Long term memory knowledge The design supports the long term memory by the recognition of user with using consistent menus, navigation. 3. Interaction design 3.1 Navigation The navigation system is consistent and the global navigation system, persistent navigation, is provided in the whole transaction process. In figure-2, it helps the user navigate the site to find the areas of interest to them and shows users where they are within the site and how to get other page. Furthermore, local navigation uses the within a specific site section, for example,à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? visitors service, entry visa, visit pass, studentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s pass and birth passà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. This portal support, breadcrumbs, horizontal list of labels which shows current site location and the path the user go through within this site, and helps user where on website they are and enable user to go back previous page throughout the hierarchical navigation. Breadcrumbs Contextual Navigation Local NavigationFigure-2 3.2 Search Figure -3 This site provides the powerful search feature for the user to find the information which is more desired information of the users. In figure-3, there is search box to find the information and also provide advanced search with the drop down list lets the user chooses à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“within this siteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“within all government siteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬?. Choosing the latter option will help the user to be able to search among all of the Singaporeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s government websites such as Ministry of Health and Ministry of Manpower. 3.3 Categorization In ICA site, there are different categorization for user group and the information and services are categorized for each user group. As an example, a permanent resident can find the related information and services under the category of Permanent Residents. 4. Suggestion for improving site Although the ICA website is nice and user-friendly, still there are some features and technologies to comment perfect. I believe the transactions will be more easier if the website support the user account control feature because a user will only need to fill in their personal information for very first time only and will be stored in the database and later the information will be retrieved when the user login and that data will be able to use for the transactions need. Getting updated is really important in the Information Technology. In addition, very latest technologies will not only help the web-site to be looked well but also provides the new and convenient features such as auto-complete function and real-time announcements. Moreover, the network navigation links which are useful other government siteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s links that may be related to this site should be support in this site. The features described above are not the vital features. However, it is really better to have those features than doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t have. I believe that implementing those will make the web-site become more and more perfect. Conclusion In conclusion, the government related issues are essential for every country and the government and people turn into use the e-government website for processing their transaction vial online. In between, those websites should have usability and usefulness for both expect and novice user (e.g. ICA website). So, it should be aware to consider the information architecture in designing and developing the website. According to my literature review, I studied a case, ICA website, in the point of usability concepts especially users, the interaction design between user and the system. According to my studies, user can get more satisfaction when using this ICA website than going physically to ICA building and process the transactions manually. I realize that the website will be more usability, effectiveness and efficiency by focusing on my suggestion base on information architecture issues.

Friday, December 20, 2019

The Myth Of A Myth - 1612 Words

all around the world Something that is found a lot in every culture is storytelling. The majority of people love listening to stories. Storytellers have fulfilled the want for a ‘good story’ for many years. A myth is a type of story based on a tradition or legend which has symbolic meaning to culture. A truth is conveyed to those who tell or hear a myth. Some myths are accounts of real events. Myths become shifted in time or place and changed by symbolic meaning. Myths can be used to explain local and universal beginnings, also they can sometimes contain supernatural beings. A myth contains a great power of meaning to the culture from which it blossomed. This is the main reason why myths stay around so long- sometimes even thousands of years. People sometimes confuse myths with legends and folktales. A legend is half true and is passed from person to person. A legend is based on historical facts but they also has mythical qualities. Legends can involve heros and incredible places. A folktale is a popular story passed on to generations by speech. Usually the author of a folktale is unknown. Folk Tales are fairy tales, old legends, and urban legends. Folktales may have been based on truth that is lost over time (Myths and Legends†). There are so many different civilizations all around the world each one with their own myths. These civilizations also have creation myths. Creation myth are symbolic narratives about how the world began and how people first came to inhabitShow MoreRelatedMyths And Myths Of Myths856 Words   |  4 Pagesthus spurring a debate on what it is that myths actually mean and what they should teach us. It seems that myths and mythology should create both independent and creative thought while solidifying the culture/s that the myth is designed thus creating both a sense of individuality and community with in the world. When fundamentally broken down mythology is a collection of stories (myths) that usually belong to a specific culture or religious group. Myths then can be broken down into sets of storiesRead MoreMyths And Myths Of Myths932 Words   |  4 PagesMyths are generally known to be the reflection of ancient people s thoughts and vision about the world which surrounded them. Due t o this assumption, the word myth appeared to have a number of connotations, which denote a contemporary man and his thoughts and vision, i.e. the way he perceives this word and reality. The scholars whose expertise fall within the field of myths and their investigation claim that myth as a genre of literature reflect the human history from the point of view of theRead MoreMyth And The Myth Of Myth2551 Words   |  11 PagesWhat is Myth before we begin our long discussion about the changes and how it reflect our society, one should first know the meaning of it? Myth is something that may be true or not true. It is hard to explain at one go, we have many historians in the world who always try to break the myth and tell the world that those are not just myth they are reality and they effect to our social system in many ways. There are always hidden messages in each and every myth that we have known till now in our lifeRead MoreThe Myth Of Biblical Myths1503 Words   |  7 PagesIn this assignment I will be identifying the myth that is underlying the modern text which is Bruce almighty and then I will be analysing the way the myth has been used in the film. The film is about a guy name Bruce Nolan who is a TV reporter in Buffalo, N.Y, is not satisfied with nearly everything in life notwithstanding his notoriety and the affection for his better half Grace. Towards the finish of the most noticeably bad day of his life, Bruce irately criticizes and seethes against God andRead MoreMyths And Myths Of Vampires Essay1078 Words   |  5 Pagesworld and all the myths that have been around for thousands of years. My favorite myths are about Vampires, Werewolves, and all the Greek and Roman Myths. I believe in the supernatural because, it’s something different then what happens in your everyday life. I like to think that there s more to life than what people tell you and there’s still a lot of the world that hasn’t been discovered yet, so who know’s what actually out there and what’s not. I believe in a lot of the myths about Vampires,Read MoreThe Myth Of The Indian Creation Myth957 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many creation myths that have been told for hundreds of years that have served as an explanation for how the world works. Each culture has a creation myth that is unique to them. India, for example, has a creation myth that has been told for hundreds of years, and by examining the myth, it is possible to understand what their culture values. The Indian creation myth is one of the Puranas, or religious texts, within the Veda. According to Barry B. Powell, this myth may have been told aroundRead MoreThe Glass Slipper : Myths And Myths2365 Words   |  10 PagesHappened to the Glass Slipper Myths have been a part of humanity since as far back as we can imagine. Most of the myths or stories you hear today are modern takes on ancient oral tales. These tales have been retold many times. Each time a myth is retold it is reflective of the time and place it is being retold. The author and the audience must relate to the story, therefore it will be told in such a way that the people of its era can easily understand and relate to the theme. Myths are often used to helpRead MoreMyths And Myths Of The Greek World973 Words   |  4 PagesA myth is a traditional story, concerning the early history of people or explaining a natural or social phenomenon; they typically involve supernatural being or events (Dictionary.com, 2016). Myths certainly had a simple aesthetic function of entertainment; they were presented through the means of visual and theatrical art (Cartwright. M, 2012). Myths provided advice on how to lead a good life. Some myths were purposely composed to be outrageous and wrong because it taught the people what not toRead MoreImportance Of Myths In Greek Myths941 Words   |  4 PagesGreek mythology is the myths and legends that the Greeks built their lives around. Hermes is the goddess of herds, flock, traveller, hospitality roads, trade and laws. He was born in a cave at dawn, and his mother wrapped him in swaddling wraps. Sirens were creatures that had a head of a woman and body if bird. Tiresias lived for seven to nine years, and in those years he lived as man and woman. Hermes, Sirens, and Tiresias are important in Greek mythology because they reveal the values of GreekRead MoreMyth 17 And Myth 20 From The Book Language Myths836 Words   |  4 Pagesage it is important that one understands the different myths in society. Myth 17 and Myth 20 from the book Language Myths edited by Laurie and Peter Trudgill address many myths that the average layman may have concerning language. I will address the main ideas and my overall insight about My th 17 and Myth 20. Myth 17 Myth 17 describe by Dennis R Preston is on the topic of language and the different way people speak in the states. The myth is that some varieties of a language are not as good as

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Significant Role of the Hippocampus Essay - 1171 Words

Significant Role of Hippocampus Hippocampus is a small, curved region, which exists in both hemispheres of the brain and plays a vital role in emotions, learning and acquisition of new information. It also contributes majorly to long term memory, which is permanent information stored in the brain. Although long term memory is the last information that can be forgotten, its impairment has become very common nowadays. The dysfunction is exemplified by many neurological disorders such as amnesia. There are two types of amnesia, anterograde and retrograde. Anterograde amnesia is inability in forming new information, while retrograde refers to the loss of the past memory. As suggested by Cipolotti and Bird (2006), hippocampus’s lesions are†¦show more content†¦This implies that bilateral and unilateral hippocampus does not contribute majorly to familiarity and recollection of unknown human’s faces. Since hippocampus plays an important function in the brain, it has become a great topic for many conducted research not only on human but also animals, specifically primates and rodents. In primate model of amnesia, the experiment is performed through three main tasks – delayed nonmatch to sample, object discrimination paradigm and motor skill learning across multiple trials (Eichenbaum et al, 1992). In delayed non-matching test, both amnesic and intact monkey show nearly same performance rate in remembering objects across delayed in short period of time (Eichenbaum et al, 1992). In contrast, amnesic monkeys show a great impairment for longer delayed conditions, hours, in picking the right non-matched samples (Eichenbaum et al, 1992). Likewise, in object discrimination task, amnesic monkeys are unable to recognize objects, as compared to control monkeys (Eichenbaum et al, 1992).These tests suggest the importance of hippocampus in acquisition of new information and recollectio n old events from episodic memory. Additionally, hippocampus also contributes largely to relational representation, as a characteristic of declarative memory (Eichenbaum et al, 1992). This can be shown through odor discrimination and placeShow MoreRelatedThe Rat Model Of Depression1668 Words   |  7 Pageson this model. After 15 days of daily reserpine injection, a significant decrease in motor activity was recorded as assessed by the open field test (OFT). Together with the hunched back appearance that was observed after 15 days, these behavioral changes indicate the development of rat model of depression which was maintained by the daily i.p. injection for another 15 days. After 30 days of daily reserpine injections, the significant changes in the OFT parameters and hunched back appearance persistedRead MoreThe Amygdala s Impact On Fear1162 Words   |  5 Pagesorganism is the amygdala (Dubuc, 2002). To go into more depth, Michael Davis (1992) wrote that the central nucleus of the amygdala has direct projections to hypothalmic and brain stem areas that are involved in the symptoms of fear (p. 355). This is significant, as it shows how the amygdala connects to other parts of the brain in order to do its processing of emotions, thus exemplifying how the emotion of fear would be processed by not just the amygdala but other parts of the central and peripheral nervousRead MoreThe Encoding of Contextual Fear Conditioning1296 Words   |  5 Pagesin synaptic structure and plasticity in the hippocampus. Studies in humans and animals suggest that these memories are initially stored in hippocampus but later transferred to cortex for permanent storage. This phe nomenon is described as systems consolidation of memories. While the specific role for new protein synthesis in hippocampus in early encoding of memories is established, whether protein synthesis in medial prefrontal cortex play a major role in encoding of memories is unclear. To addressRead MoreRat Model Of Depression : Induced By Daily I.p1478 Words   |  6 Pageseffect on this model. After 15 days of daily reserpine injection a significant decrease in the motor activity was recorded as assessed by the open field test (OFT). Together with the hunch back appearance that was observed after 15 days, these behavioral changes indicate the development of rat model of depression which was maintained by daily i.p. injection for another 15 days. After 30 days of daily reserpine injections the significant changes in the OFT parameters and hunch back appearance persistedRead MoreA Study On The Cognitive And Physiological Aspects Of The Hippocampus921 Words   |  4 Pagesdemonstrate that the hippocampus is the main cortical region active during memory tasks, as well as during states of unconsciousness. It is suggested that memories are somehow integrated and reverberated during the sleep state. Findings like these lead to a greater interest in studying the hippocampus, specifically during sleep. Many tests have been administered attempting to decode memory consolidation by examining the behavioral and physiological aspects of the hippocampus’ roles and functions. ThisRead MoreRPLC Analysis Identify Unique Metabolomics Profiles Of SD Disease?772 Words   |  4 Pageswas applied with hippocampus samples from human SD patients (n=2) and normal controls (n=3). A total of 119 metabolites were found to be significantly dy sregulated in human hippocampus samples (p (-- removed HTML --) 0.5). Out of these 119 metabolites, 94 (70.6%) were significantly upregulated, while 35 (29.4%) were downregulated. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the metabolites showed clear separation of metabolomics profiles in mouse brain, mouse liver and human hippocampus samples (FigureRead MoreSleep : Memory And Memory1694 Words   |  7 Pagesprocessing and storage of information (Miller, 1956). The information is then consolidated to long-term memory by the hippocampus (Paller Voss, 2004). Long-Term Memory and the Brain Each memory involves different parts of the brain due to the different forms of information. Encoding of the declarative memory relies on components of the medial temporal lobe including the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and perirhinal cortex. The consolidation and storing of the information is dependent on the elementsRead MoreEssay On Aging1000 Words   |  4 Pagescognitive aspects. Hippocampus is located in the brain which is responsible for memory and cognitive process. In the first cohort for the molecular study, the authors performed genome-wide microarray analysis to study hippocampi from pairs of isochronic, and heterochronic parabionts. Heterochronic parabionts are surgically connected with a young mouse to an aged mouse to share circulation. Isochronic parabiont is connecting two aged mice together. The authors found a significant difference in geneRead MoreThe Effects Of Caffeine On Oxidative Stress1460 Words   |  6 PagesIn the present study, the MDA level was measured as an index of lipid peroxidation in order to observe the effect of caffeine on the oxidative stress induced by AlCl3 in cortex, hippocampus and striatum brain areas. Brain tissues are more vulnerable to oxidative stress other than tissues for many reasons such as high oxygen consumption (more than 20% of the total inspired oxygen), the presence of abundant amount of polyunsaturated f atty acids which are susceptible to free radicals attack, low antioxidantRead MoreInternet Addiction And Social Media Depression1651 Words   |  7 PagesIt isn’t an explicit argument, he doesn’t often mention depression and internet use but the groundwork is there. Carr writes, Now, it is true that the areas of our brain are associated with different mental structures, but they do not play â€Å"rigid roles† (Carr 29). Indeed this is true. The areas of our brain responsible for our cognitive function are also responsible for our moods. Central to Carr’s argument is that all of this is possible because of our brains plasticity, or the ability for our brain

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Why School Uniform Should Not Be Abolished free essay sample

I oppose the motion that ‘School Uniform Should Be Abolished’. Students are in schools for educational purposes and not to show off their outfits. Also school uniform protects the rights of the students, showing that everyone is equal. It also hence prevents students for committing crimes. This factor leads me to propose that school uniform should not be abolished. By wearing their own prefer dress code, most students are able to be confidence in themselves because they would feel great in what they choose to wear. But however this brings along some harmful effects to their peers around them. For example, if a rich student gets to wear his own prefer clothing, he will tend to choose a branded one which would cause friends around him who are poorer to be envy of him. This will in turn cause low self-esteem to them. It will also serve as a distraction in class as students may often look at the clothing wear by their friends instead of the whiteboard where the teachers write and explain the lesson on. We will write a custom essay sample on Why School Uniform Should Not Be Abolished or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And affects the learning of the students and deter academic success. Thus I agree that school uniform should not be abolished The wearing of own prefers dress code gives students the freedom to wear what they wish that make them feel unique and happy. However Singapore is a multi-ethnic country filled with people coming from different countries and has different beliefs. It is important for us to be sensitive to one another needs in order to maintain racial harmony. Hence the wearing of school uniform can deter racial riot and promote racial equality that is one of the most important aspect in Singapore. This is because when students are allowed to wear their choice of clothing, they may want to wear the clothing according to their races and religions. Students may unintentionally teased some other races and indirectly insult them. This causes unhappiness to arise from them as they may feel discriminated. That is the reason why I disagree that school uniform should be abolished. Research had showed that the wearing of school uniform by students can deter them for committing crimes. Hence in turn decrease the crime rate in Singapore. Students may just done bad acts out of playfulness. And wearing of school uniform can prevent them to do so as students tend to be afraid to commit crime in their school uniforms as they scared to be recognized and punished by their school hence making them think twice before doing. Therefore the wearing of school uniform should maintain as it encourages students to behave properly even outside of school premises. This shows that the wearing of school uniforms has more benefits than disadvantages and hence it should not be abolished as it promote equality and protects the interest of different races and religion. It also discourages students from commit crimes. Overall it allows students to work toward academic success and should be abolished.

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

International Business Environment and Competition

Question: Discuss about the International Business Environment and Competition. Answer: Introduction In the present business scenario, the competition among the business organizations has increased substantially. The companies are using different strategies to increase their competitiveness and capture the maximum market share. However, the competition among the businesses has reached a very level and matured the market. There is little scope for growth in the local markets and hence, the companies are using international expansion strategies. Along with it, the phenomenon of globalization has also encouraged the companies to seek the foreign and unexploited markets to increase their profitability. With the globalization, the companies are moving from the local markets to a more integrated market place, where the supplies are attained from a different country, manufactured in a different place and sold in a different market (Kaynak, 2014). Most of the business organizations have identified that the international expansion has numerous benefits for the growth of the companies. It is the strategy, in which the companies take their business outside the borders in which they were founded. Today, most of the large organizations have expanded their operations across boundaries to diversify their risks, target unexploited and fresh markets an increase their productivity (Wheeler, McDonald and Greave, 2003). In this regard, in this report, an international market expansion strategy for Woolworths has been proposed by selecting an appropriate target market. The report begins with providing a brief introduction to the company and its operations. Then after, an appropriate target market has been selected for the organization by evaluating the market conditions and external factors. In the report, the international market expansion strategy and the choice of entry mode in the international market has been discussed. Introduction to the Organization and Product Woolworths is a major retail organization in Australia and New Zealand. It has a chain of supermarkets and retail stores in Australia and New Zealand. It has a strong market share in the Australian supermarket and grocery market. It specializes in grocery and the household items; and along with it, Woolworths also sell magazines, stationary items and packaged foods. It has more than thousand stores in Australia an also operate as Safeway stores in several rural locations in Australia. Woolworths Limited was founded in 1924 in Australia and since then has created a strong market share in the country. It has duopoly with the Coles supermarket stores and has established strong relationship with the suppliers and has strong customer loyalty and presence all across Australia (Woolworths, 2017). However, the presence of the Woolworths Supermarkets outside Australia is very limited with only stores in New Zealand outside Australia. In 2006, Woolworths ventured in the Indian markets with Dick Smith Electronics Stores which were later bought by Tata Sons Infiniti in 2012 (PTI, 2012). In Australia, Woolworths Limited covers majority of market share in the retail business. However, in the recent years, the emergence of several small retail companies and foreign discount retail organizations such as Aldi has reduced the market share of the company (Crane, 2016). These discount retailers have obtained the customers of the company by offering discount, low process and good services. AS a result, the market share of the Woolworths has reduced substantially. Therefore, international market expansion seems a lucrative opportunity for the organization. Selection of the Target Market In the international expansion strategy, the selection of the target market is the foremost step. The selection of the target market is based upon several factors and criterion. Before entering into the foreign market, a business organization should evaluate the viability of the venture and the overall return. The basic criterion for the selection of the target market is the competition level, the purchasing capability of the customers and the relevance of the product and services offered to the target customers (Ferrell and Pride, 2008). In this essence, the Woolworths should select the retail market with high household income and political and economic stability. India demonstrates high potential for Woolworths. It is due to the rise in the young population, high standard of living and rise in disposable income of the population (Halligan, 2014). China is also a strong contender for the retail expansion of the organization; however, strict legislations and rule in the country makes it difficult for the organization to enter into the market (Gruver, 2014). Moreover, as discussed in the report, Woolworths has once ventured into the Indian markets; therefore, it has significant market and expansion knowledge of the country. Accordingly, the company can utilize this market knowledge to reenter in the Indian market. In India, there is growing trend of supermarkets and shopping malls and several multinational companies have entered the Indian markets. It is reported that the Indian retail market is expected to grow by 3.6 trillion dollar by 2020. Therefore, at present, the Indian market seems the best opportunity for the organization (Ahluwalia, 2016). Pestle Analysis of the Target Market Before entering into the foreign market, it is important for the organization to evaluate the external and internal factors which might affect the organization and thus examine the viability of the business. In this regard, the PESTLE analysis is used to examine the macro factors and the business environment for the organization. Political Factors India is one of the largest democracies of the world and follows the federal form of government. The political environment of the country includes its taxation structure, laws, and legislations for the foreign entities. The county has a well-developed taxation structure and it is politically stable (Qin, 2010). Since 1990s, the government has introduced several reforms to boost the industrial growth of the country. It includes deregulation policy, international trade regulations and simple structure for the corporate taxes. It could be examined that the political environment of the country is suitable for the venture (Rao and Kadam, 2016). Economic Factors India is a developing economy and observed an exponential economic growth in the recent years. Several reforms were made in 1990s to increase the economic growth of the country. It includes changes in the industrial licensing and liberalization for the foreign companies. India has successfully recovered from the economic recession and grown exponentially in terms of economy. It is one of the fastest growing countries of the world. Moreover, the economic growth of the country has increased the working population in the country and thus expanding the disposable income of the people (Springfield, 2014). The economic factors also include the interest rates, exchange rates and the foreign exchange rates in the country (Craig and Campbell, 2012). The economic factors assist an organization in assessing the costing of the product, examining the demand and growth in the market. The economic volatility of the market has reduced after the introduction of derivatives trading (Nuruzzaman, 2011). Moreover, in 2016, the Indian government has conducted the demonetization of the currency notes; which has increased the economic volatility of thee county. Social Factors: The social factors of any country include the population, religion, customs and the recent trends. India is one of the most populated countries in the world after China. It has a culturally diverse population and majority of the population comprise of young and working population (Henry, 2011). Therefore, they have a fast lifestyle and frequent supermarket stores to buy goods and luxury products. Technological factors: The technological factors of the country play a significant role in the success of the organization. It includes the infrastructure, communication systems and the technological equipment. The new technology can reduce cost, increase efficiency, product quality and foster innovations in the organization. It could be evaluated that India is technically advanced country and developing in terms of technical infrastructure. It is home to the largest IT organizations of the world and the business organizations can utilize the advanced technical infrastructure to increase their productivity. It has adopted 3G and 4G technology and provides advanced communication system for the users (Idfc Foundation, 2016). Legal Factors: The legal factors of the marketplace include the laws and legislations that can affect the business of the organization. The laws related to the environment protection, consumer protection, employment law and import/export law can affect the business of the organization. The legal factors impact the profit margins, product transportation and the viability of the markets (Qin, 2010). Environmental factors: The environmental factors impact the retail businesses in several ways. It has direct impact on the natural resources available for the organization as well as the environmental laws controls the operations of the businesses. In India, there are several environmental laws that control the operations of the company and exploitation of the natural resources. Moreover, the environmental awareness of the customers also impact on the business of the organizations (HG, 2017). General Strategy for the International Market There are several strategies for the international market expansion of a business organization. These strategies are, namely, global standardization, localization, transnational and international strategy. It could be examined that the international is the best strategy for the market expansion of the organization. It refers to a business operating in different countries with different degrees of coordination in business strategy and operations. It coordinates the activities of different subsidiaries of the organization and the business activities of different organizations are regulated by the central office. It aims towards achieving the optimization of cost and the resources in an organization. In this strategy, an organization produces the goods in the domestic market and sells them in the international market with negligible minimal customization according to the local market demands. The international strategy is beneficial for an organization when the company has low pressures for the cost and the local responsiveness. It is beneficial for Woolworths as it is a retail organization and works with fewer profit margins (Hill and Jones, 2011). It can work with this strategy as it will allow the local subsidiarity of the organization to work independently and with the coordination of the central department. In contrast to it, other strategies for instance, global standardization focuses on reducing the operational cost to the organization be reducing the economy of sale. It is done by exploiting the cost fluctuations in different economies. It can be evaluated that the since Woolworths is a retail organization, the best strategy to enter in the international markets is international strategy. This strategy is used in the international expansion when there is a strong pressure for cost reduction; however, expectations for the local responsiveness are minimal. It is basically adopted to reduce the overall cost to the organization. In the customization strategy, the company ventures into a foreign market by adapting its products to the local preference. It is the best strategy for the product companies to establish into the fo reign market. It can be observed that Woolworths is a retail organization and it does not require adapting the product to the local taste of the customers. It can adapt the local strategy of Australia to expand in the Indian market. It involves procuring products from the local farmers and selling them to the customers. It can also introduce the loyalty awards and similar strategies to attain the market share (Peng, 2008). Choice of Entry Mode After the selection of the target market and the internationalization strategy, the next step is to select the entry mode of the organization. There are several entry modes to the international markets and their viability depends on the target customers and the product or the service, the company is offering. Woolworths is a retailing organization and does not produce any product or service but procure products from farmers and local retailers and sell them. The retail industry is characterized by high competition and low profit margins. In this regard, it could be examined that the best entry mode for the organization is the strategic alliance with the local organizations. With this strategy, the company can gain deep insight to the local market trends and the market characteristics as well as hare resources and is experience with the organization. Along with it, there are several other entry modes such as exporting or franchising; however, they are not ideal for Woolworths (Mcdonal d, Burton and Dowling, 2002). Conclusion It can be concluded that Woolworths is a retail giant situated in Australia. It has a strong local market presence; however, it has limited operations in the foreign markets. In Australia, Woolworths has dominant market share along with Coles; however, the recent advent of Aldi and the foreign discount retailers have reduced its market share. The profits of the company are declining; therefore, it needs to seek new avenues to maintain its market share. Therefore, in order to increase its profitability and reduce the local market dependence, the international strategy has been proposed for market expansion. In essence, the target market if India has been selected for the internationalization. It is a promising market with high economic growth. Politically, it is stable with a well-developed taxation structure and laws. India has a strong potential due to its growing middle-class and increasing purchasing power of its customers. It has robust economy and ideal market conditions. The social factors also influence the business of an organization. The share of working youth in the population of India is high which can promote the business of retail organization. The infrastructure of the company is technically advanced and has well-developed communication system. Therefore, the company can utilize the advanced technical infrastructure for its operations. In Indian market, the entry mode of strategic alliance could be adopted. It is the best entry mode for an organization to enter into the foreign markets with little knowledge. In this strategy, the company makes strategic alliance with a local company in order to gain market knowledge and establish itself in foreign country. References Ahluwalia, H. 2016. Indias retail market expected to double to $3.6 trillion by 2020: report. [Online.] Available at: https://www.livemint.com/Industry/rodjkB7vyBRLgTu0OMqHFM/Indias-retail-market-expected-to-double-to-36-trillion-by.html [Accessed on: 13 February 2017]. Craig, T. and Campbell, D. 2012. Organisations and the Business Environment. London: Routledge. Crane, E. 2016. Aldi is now more profitable than Coles or Woolworths and is set to grab even more shoppers - if they sort out their fresh food and customer service. Daily Mail UK. [Online.] Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3616925/Aldi-profitable-Coles-Woolworths-set-grab-shoppers.html#ixzz4YY8twVTG [Accessed on: 13 February 2017]. Ferrell, O.C. and Pride, W. 2008. Marketing. Cengage Learning. Gruver, J. 2014. Why India Will Soon Outpace China. Forbes. [Online.] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamesgruber/2014/05/04/india-will-soon-outpace-china/#c2cd7426e82c [Accessed on: 14 February 2017]. Halligan, L. 2014. Indias potential is huge, and we should cash in. The Telegraph. [Online.] Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/comment/10963768/Indias-potential-is-huge-and-we-should-cash-in.html [Accessed on: 14 February 2017]. Henry, A. 2011. Understanding Strategic Management. London: OUP Oxford. 2017. Environment Law - Environmental and Natural Resources Law. [Online.] Available at: https://www.hg.org/environ.html [Accessed on: 14 February 2017]. Hill, C.W.L. and Jones, G.R. 2011. Essentials of Strategic Management. London: Cengage Learning. Idfc Foundation. 2016. India Infrastructure Report 2012: Private Sector in Education. Routledge. Kaynak, E. 2014. Internationalization of Companies from Developing Countries. Routledge. Mcdonald, F., Burton, F. and Dowling, P. 2002. International Business. Cengage Learning EMEA. Nuruzzaman, A. 2011. INDIAN FUTURES MARKET : AN ANALYSIS. Management Insight 7(2). Peng, M.W. 2008. Global Strategy. Boston: Cengage Learning. PTI. 2012. Tata Sons' Infiniti Retail buys Woolworths Wholesale India for Rs 200 crore. The Economic Times. [Online.] Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/retail/tata-sons-infiniti-retail-buys-woolworths-wholesale-india-for-rs-200-crore/articleshow/16568596.cms?intenttarget=no [Accessed on: 13 February 2017]. Qin, Z. 2010. Introduction to E-commerce. Berlin: Springer Science Business Media. Rao, A. and Kadam, K. 2016. 25 years of liberalisation: A glimpse of Indias growth in 14 charts. First Post. [Online.] Available at: https://www.firstpost.com/business/25-years-of-liberalisation-a-glimpse-of-indias-growth-in-14-charts-2877654.html [Accessed on: 14 February 2017]. Springfield, C. 2014. INDIAN ECONOMY GROWTH SECTORS AND SIGNIFICANT OPPORTUNITIES. International Banker. [Online.] Available at: https://internationalbanker.com/finance/indian-economy-growth-sectors-significant-opportunities/ [Accessed on: 14 February 2017]. Wheeler, C., McDonald, F. and Greave, I. 2003. Internationalization: Firm Strategies and Management. Springer. Woolworths. 2017. About us. [Online.] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/ [Accessed on: 14 February 2017].

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Political Proximity and International Trade †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Political Proximity and International Trade. Answer: Introduction The World Trade Organisation (WTO) can be identified as an intergovernmental organisation that plays a major role in the trade settlement of nations regulating trade set up for manufactured goods and services at the international level. In 1995, the WTO came as a replacement of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) as the global trading organisation of the world (Banks 2016). Precisely, the central principle of the WTO is to make trade-related dispute settlement following a mechanism governed by regulations and legislation. According to the agreement with the WTO and the members, trade disputes are settled following multilateral system instead of unilateral action (Eglin 2015). In this particular study, a current crisis of the WTO has been identified. In the meanwhile, the 2017 Trade Policy Agenda of the United States of America has contributed towards a crisis situation for the WTO. As per the latest Trade Policy Agenda of the US, the trade policy to be delivered for the fut ure will resist any efforts of the WTO or its members that will weaken the trade rights of the US. Evidently, such stance of the US can be termed as a crisis for the international trade governing organisation such as the WTO limiting the administrative rights and power of the international body. In this study paper, the current crisis scenario of the WTO on this particular issue has been elaborated. Furthermore, the principal cause of the issue has been discussed providing evidence. In addition, the essay paper has demonstrated the impact of the crisis on the WTOs trade frameworks and operational activities (Dajud 2016). Moreover, the study has identified how the issue can be solved to improve the existing condition and restore the positional status of the World Trade Organisation in front of its members (Limenta 2012). Apparently, the crisis situation will result in the decline in obligation to trade and industry multilateralism as the rest of members will follow the same suit in the near future. Previously, it was criticised that international trade has been hijacked or dominated by richer countries that affects the economic growth of the poor nations. Such evidence leads to intense criticism and protest. According to Shah (2007), World Trade Organisation is a significant international body that helps to promote free trade among different economies of the world by drawing new rules and policies. Furthermore, the World Trade organisation faces several challenges and issues due to political, economical, socio-cultural, and other factors that influence the operations of the firm over the global market (Winham 2016). Notably, the WTO controls the trade operations and policies of different countries that have varied political powers controlling the ruling chair. Hence, a change in the individual policy of a member country and shift in the international trade choices may lead to imbalance in international trade and negatively impact the economic growth of developing nations. Effec tively, such policies and measures are directly related with the economic stability of developed nations (Banks 2016). The World Trade Organisation is the responsible body for controlling all sorts of trading operations of both developed and developing nations. The Global Financial Crisis during the year 2007-08 led to the financial downfall in the entire global economy resulting in a disastrous situation that resulted in shortage of trade finance (Eglin 2015). Hence, the problem of the GFC led to a major crisis situation for the WTO during and after that period. In the same manner, the issue of agricultural trade policy and political conflicts between different nations were some of the major factors that have led to crisis situation for the WTO in the past (Winham 2016). However, WTO had been quite capable in mitigating the issues of unavailability of trade finance after the Global Financial Crisis and solved the political conflicts between several economies to promote free trade across the globe. In the same manner, the WTO has faced a new crisis situation in the current scenario due to the new pol icy of the US government (Winham 2016). The change in the mindset of the US government and their policy for international trade has created different problem for the World Trade Organisation. Current Crisis in the WTO The 2017 Trade Policy Agenda of the United States of America has contributed towards a crisis condition for the World Trade Organisation in the existing state of circumstances. As an intergovernmental organisation, the WTO has successfully regulated and managed the international trade for the member nations (Garred 2016). In this recent time, the Trade Policy Agenda of the US in 2017 has positioned a challenge in front of the international trade governing body. Under the Trade Policy Agenda of the US, the emphasis has been put on American sovereignty in trade agreements and policies ("WTO Crisis" 2017). According to the latest Trade Policy Agenda, the governing body of the US Trade has clarified that any efforts by the WTO and its members restricting the trade benefits and rights of the US will be resisted (Paletta et al. 2017). Clearly, the new US trade policy has contained norms that are promoting bilateral trade deals instead of multilateral and regional trade patterns. Moreover, the US trade policy confirms that the WTOs rules and regulations cannot force the US to make an alteration in the trade policies of the United States of America ("2017 Trade Policy Agenda And 2016 Annual Report Of The President Of The United States On The Trade Agreements Program" 2017). Evidently, such trade policy of the US will be a critical issue for the international trade regulatory body i.e. WTO. According to the economists, such trade policy will encourage the other members of the WTO to follow the same trend in the upcoming future. The US Trade Administrative has disregarded multilateral trade engagements as it is not beneficial for the countrys economic perspective while bilateral trade set up has been more profitable. Furthermore, the US can be identified as the leading driver of the international trade policy (Stevis and Assetto 2016). Hence, if the US Trade Administrative will be reluctant to follow the collective rule-making system of the World Trade Organisation, it will create long-term economic as well as trade uncertainties as the rest of members of the WTO will follow the same footprints. In this way, the control and sovereignty of the WTO over the international trade and policies will be restricted (Umana Dajud 2016). Under the existing circumstances, the administration led by the US President, Donald Trump has set up latest US Trade Policy stance that has been identified as the principal cause of the crisis of the WTO. In the past, the WTO has successfully managed the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) among its members to control the trade of goods. In the current scenario, the authority of the WTO may reduce as the largest economy of the world; the United States of America is disrespecting the trade and dispute settlement tactics of the WTO (Grabel 2009). Evidently, it is the dominance of the US on the global market that has contributed such crisis situation for the WTO. According to the 2017 Trade Policy Agenda of the United States of America, the US will not follow any of the trade related orders carried out by the WTO or its members if those are limiting the trade benefits and profitability of the nation (Hufbauer and Jung 2016). According to Paletta and Swanson (2017), the new trade approach of the US government is expected to impact the businesses and customers across the globe. The new approach suggests putting new tariffs against the countries that practices unfair trade in order to develop adversarial relationship with China and other trading nations. Additionally, the new policy of the US government will punish the organisations that relocate their production facilities in the overseas market and sell its products in the US market (Bahar 2017). As per the US President Donald Trump, the government will use a more aggressive approach in order to enhance its economic growth and seek better positioning over the global market (Bahar 2017). However, the new policy of the US government is expected to negative impact the free trade strategy of the World Trade Organisation. It can be seen through the 336 pages report of the new US Trade Policy includes a section named as the Presidents Trade Policy Agenda that p resents some of the possible policies that would break from the international trade policy of the WTO ("2017 Trade Policy Agenda And 2016 Annual Report" 2017). The new US trade Policy include a term of putting check over the outsourcing of production process in the foreign market that would provide better employment opportunities in the domestic market (Auboin 2017). By considering the case example of Ford Motors, it can be seen that the company has been forced to cancel the development of its factory sight in Mexico after the introduction of the new trade policy of the US President just after the election (Colander 2013). Though the new policy is expected to provide better employment opportunity in the US market, the cancellation of the development of new factory sight in a cost effective location will negatively impact the financial model of the Ford Motors and lead to a loss of reputation in the Mexican market. Hence, the new trade policy of the US government will force the domestic companies to stop outsourcing their production processes and negative impact the balance of trade over the international market. The major threat that has been felt from the decision of Donald Trump government is the breakout of the US government against the policies of the World Trade Organisation. According to the article WTO Crisis (2017), the 2017s Trade Policy Agenda of the United States has emerged as a major factor leading to a crisis for the World Trade Organisation. Though the current stories of the WTO organisation depicts the success of the Trade Facilitation Agreement (FTA) in goods, the beginning of disrespecting the dispute settlement policy of the WTO from the largest economy of the world would encourage other economies to follow same suit ("WTO Crisis" 2017). Hence, it can be seen that the changes in the trade policy of the US government is the major factor leading to the current crisis faced by the World Trade Organisation in terms of encouraging free trade across the globe. Impact of the Current Crisis In the meanwhile, the current crisis of the WTO will bring a number of consequences to be discussed. In this particular section, the impact of the existing crisis of the WTO followed by 2017 Trade Policy Agenda of the United States of America has been described herein below: The chance of eliminating TFA in Goods: Since the inception of the WTO, the organisation has come a long way in setting up global trade agreements between its members via the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) in goods. In the existing policy condition of the US, the 2017 Trade Policy Agenda of the United States of America has threatened to leave the WTO. During such move, TFA in goods with the other members may be disrupted as well in the upcoming future. Loss of Authenticity in Global Trade Settlement: As the US Trade Policy Agreement has vowed to follow aggressive trade system for the interest of the US workers, new trade agreements can be disrespecting for the WTO. As a result of the consequences, the rest of the WTO members might follow the same suit in the near future that will lead to loss of authenticity in international trade settlement and dispute management (Moon 2015). Decline in multilateralism trade order: The main agenda of the WTO has been to promote multilateralism trade order at the international level. However, the 2017 Trade Policy Agenda of the United States of America has been focused on bilateral trade system. In this way, influence of the largest economy of the world may increase further opportunities in bilateral trade system as other WTO members may show their interest in bilateral trade agreements. Possible Trade War situation for the US: The current trade policy led by Donald Trump may force the US to face a possible trade war scenario as US exports may to deal with export tariffs imposed during the bilateral trade settlement with the countries such as China and Mexico. In this particular scenario, the GDP of the US may see a slow growth till 2026 as shown in the underlying figure. Restricting the expansion of global trade: Markedly, over the previous two decades, the WTO has largely contributed towards the expansion of global trade involving the developing countries within the multilateralism trade agreements (Destler 2016). However, the latest crisis scenario led by the US Trade Policy may restrict the expansion of global trade. Solution of the problem On the basis of the above analysis, it can be seen that the new crisis in the World Trade Organisation may lead to several negative impacts over the international trade balance and economic stability of various member countries of the WTO. Additionally, the policy of the US government may lead to several issues for the developing countries who are the member of the WTO. Hence, the international governing body needs to develop new policies to mitigate the crisis situation and promote free trade and cooperation among the various major economies of the world. Firstly, the WTO must focus on negotiating the international trade policies with the US government in order to meet their demands and make necessary changes in the Trade Facilitation Agreement to minimise the opposition of the United States (Oatley 2016). Secondly, the World Trade Organisation may use a discriminating policy by asking its members to boycott any sort of international trade with United States (Panagariya and Duttagup ta 2012). The second step will lead to economic losses for the nation as it will not get any access to developing markets in the countries that are the member of the WTO (Oatley 2016). Therefore, the US government will be forced to make changes in the 2017 Trade Policy and follow all rules and regulation of the WTO. Conclusion By considering the above analysis, it can be seen that the WTO is an international intergovernmental organisation that is responsible for regulating the trade among several economies of the world. Currently, the 2017 Trade Policy of the US government has emerged as a major factor leading to a crisis situation for the World Trade Organisation. The disrespect of the US government towards the rules and regulations of the WTO would encourage other major economies to work as independent market and lead to a chaos in the global economy. Furthermore, the policy of the US government would negatively impact the free trading strategy of the WTO and further lead to financial crisis in various developing nations of the world. The current crisis of the WTO may restrict expansion of global trade and lead to a trade war situation in the US economy. Hence, it is important for the WTO to take necessary steps in order to enforce the US government to make changes in its current trade policy. Conclusive ly, the crisis situation must be dealt with proper negotiation process and strict policy measures in order to mitigate the issue and benefit the entire global economy. Bibliography "2017 Trade Policy Agenda And 2016 Annual Report Of The President Of The United States On The Trade Agreements Program". 2017, 1-50. https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/reports/2017/AnnualReport/AnnualReport2017.pdf. "2017 Trade Policy Agenda And 2016 Annual Report". 2017.United States Trade Representative. https://ustr.gov/sites/default/files/files/reports/2017/AnnualReport/AnnualReport2017.pdf. "WTO Crisis". 2017.Iasparliament.Com. https://www.iasparliament.com/current-affairs/wto-crisis. Auboin, Marc. 2017. "World Trade Organization Response To The Crisis: A Convening Power To Boost The Availability Of Trade Finance". https://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTRANETTRADE/Resources/TradeFinancech17.pdf. Bahar, Dany. 2017. "TrumpS Trade Policy: Protecting American Workers At The Expense Of American Consumers".Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2017/01/06/trumps-trade-policy-protecting-american-workers-at-the-expense-of-american-consumers/. Banks, Gary. 2016. "Globalisation And The World Trade Organisation".SSRN Electronic Journal. Colander, David C. 2013.Economics. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Destler, I. M. 2016.American Trade Politics. 5th ed. New Delhi: Viva Books. Eglin, Richard. 2015. "Trade And Environment In The World Trade Organisation".The World Economy18 (6): 769-779. Garred, Jason. 2016. "The Persistence Of Trade Policy In China After WTO Accession".SSRN Electronic Journal. Grabel, Ilene. 2009. "Remittances: Political Economy And Developmental Implications".International Journal Of Political Economy38 (4): 86-106. Hufbauer, Gary, and Euijin Jung. 2016. "Evaluating TrumpS Trade Policies | VOX, CEPRS Policy Portal".Voxeu.Org. https://voxeu.org/article/evaluating-trump-s-trade-policies. Limenta, Michelle. 2012. "Non-Compliance In WTO Dispute Settlement: The Multiple Purposes Of WTO Retaliation".SSRN Electronic Journal. Moon, Bruce Edward. 2015.Dilemmas Of International Trade. 3rd ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Oatley, Thomas H. 2016.International Political Economy. 2nd ed. London: Routledge. Paletta, Damian, Ana Swanson, Damian Paletta, and Ana Swanson. 2017. "Trump Suggests Ignoring World Trade Organization In Major Policy Shift".Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/03/01/trump-may-ignore-wto-in-major-shift-of-u-s-trade-policy/?utm_term=.04a0c652c41d. Paletta, Damian, and Ana Swanson. 2017. "Trump Suggests Ignoring World Trade Organization In Major Policy Shift".Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/03/01/trump-may-ignore-wto-in-major-shift-of-u-s-trade-policy/?utm_term=.51af4a930816. Panagariya, Arvind, and Rupa Duttagupta. 2012. "Politics Of Free Trade Areas: Tariffs Versus Quotas".Journal Of International Economics58 (2): 413-427. Shah, Anup. 2017. "The WTO And Free Trade Global Issues".Globalissues.Org. https://www.globalissues.org/article/42/the-wto-and-free-trade. Stevis, Dimitris, and Valerie J Assetto. 2016.The International Political Economy Of The Environment. 4th ed. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers. Umana Dajud, C. 2016. "Political Proximity And International Trade".Economics Politics. Winham, Gilbert R. 2016. "The World Trade Organisation: Institution-Building In The Multilateral Trade System".The World Economy21 (3): 349-368.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Whirligig Essay free essay sample

In life, we are the ones in charge of ourselves. And in the book Whirligig, people may think that that this lesson does not apply but it does. Look at Brent, he was given the option to not place the whirligigs on the four corners, but he did anyway. And over that trip, Brent changed. Which leads me to believe that every person Is capable of changing no matter their past. First of, In the beginning of the book, Brent was a kid Just worried about fitting In, ND over the course of the book, those menial things dont matter to him anymore. Its Like he has grown up and become more mature. For example, his Interests towards the beginning where cars, sports, girls. But In the end of the book, he was more Interested In reading, star gazing, and playing the harmonica, these actively are more for the adult crowd youd think. We will write a custom essay sample on Whirligig Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So this Just proves that people can change. Second, In the chapter San Diego, with the holocaust survivor, she went through hell.Literally, like the quote says I dont know who, said that there should be no laughing after Auschwitz. That nobody could ever want to laugh again after the things that happened here (peg 113) So she thought she would never feel happiness or laugh again. But when her granddaughter took her around town, and she saw the whirligig, she changed. Like the quote says I glimpsed a smile on my grandmothers face, and I felt it led (peg 114). Again proving that people can change, no matter what appended in their past.In all, when you think about it, people can change. No matter what theyve done, no matter their past. Like with Brent, he was a typical teenager, but in the end, he was acting like a full fledged adult. And the Grandmother in the chapter San Diego, she was an elderly holocaust survivor, and she saw unimaginable things. She thought she would never feel happiness again.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

My experience, role and learning support free essay sample

In accordance to the ethical guidelines written by The British Education Research Association (BERA, 2004), the names of the children and school, where used, have been changed in order to maintain confidentiality and anonymity. My role (Hancock et al. , 2013 p1) States that â€Å"the practice of learning support as carried out by teaching assistants has developed considerably in recent times†. In the nursery I work along side two higher level teaching assistants and the nursery teacher. At this stage of school life, the majority of learning is through play, so we encourage the use of structured, well thought out fun educational games and play either in small groups or on a one to one basis, I carry out structured activities i. e. drawing, writing, crafting and reading, either on a one to one basis or with a small group of usually 4-6 children. I help identify any child or children that may benefit from further one to one help, through keeping well informed observation notes (KU1. We will write a custom essay sample on My experience, role and learning support or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 1) (KS3. 1) (PPS4. 3) In my role as classroom assistant in year one, my role is very similar to that of the classroom assistant, Margaret Verrecchie, in reader book 1 (Hancock et al. , 2013, pg4) A classroom assistant) I work along side the teacher and one teaching assistant. I help the teacher in the classroom, prepare resources’ for the session and offer the children extra support with reading and writing, it depends on what the teacher wants and needs and on what she asks me to do. Each day is different, and my duties vary accordingly. (PPS4. 3) (KS3. 1) As a midday supervisor, I work along side 10 other midday supervisors, supervising the children in the dining area and other parts of the school during the lunch time break. I help the children with a variety of tasks such as cutting up food, unwrapping of pack lunches and help teach good eating habits, After the children finish eating, we go to the playground, or if it’s wet play, a classroom, where I supervise the children at play. I ensure pupils keep out of areas that are out of bounds, deal with misbehaviour, reporting any problems that I’m unable to resolve to my duty manager, I attend to all pupils who are sick or injured, ensuring they receive the appropriate medical attention, reporting all accidents in the accident report book, I am aware of my responsibilities under the child protection legislation, reporting any concerns I may have to my senior supervisor or child protection officer. I enjoy this role as it allows me to see the children in a more relaxed environment, giving me the invaluable opportunity to get to know the children, on a more personal level, getting to know their personalities outside of the classroom. As lunchtimes are a great opportunity for the children to burn of f some steam, I try to encourage the children to take part in lots of physical activities like skipping and hoopla hoops. (PPS4. 3) I can personally relate to the parent helper in the (The Open University, 2013) E111 DVD sequence –Pam Crawford is a parent helper with a son who is special needs statemented, In the sequence, Pam states that she originally started to volunteer mainly to support her son, but along the way she decided that being a teaching assistant was what she wanted to be, so started a college course to train to become a qualified teaching assistant, which is exactly the same as why I am doing this course. Framework I provide a varied and broad array of duties and tasks on a daily basis in support to the pupils, the teacher, the school and the curriculum, through performing activities on a one to one basis or as part of a team with my work colleagues. Although they do tend to regularly overlap each other, I offer the four levels of support as suggested in the DfEE framework. (PPS4. 3) To support the pupils I encourage them to act independently in an appropriate way, to interact with each other and engage enthusiastically in all the classroom activities. I try to establish a good relationship with all the pupils, acting as a good role model, being aware of and responding appropriately to all individual needs. I supervise and support all the pupils ensuring their safety and make sure they have access to learning at all times. I help them to develop their skills in listening, to express their feelings and ideas, help them to understand, describe, select and retrieve information, show them ways in which to help with problem solving, communication etc. I also attend to all pupils’ personal needs including social, health, physical, hygiene, minor first aid and general well being. To help support the teacher, I prepare the classroom as and when needed for the lessons then clear everything away at the end of the lesson. I also help display pupils work around the classroom; I keep records as and when asked to do so by the teacher. I also support the teacher by managing pupil behaviour, reporting all difficulties appropriately, to the relevant member of staff. I also gather and report and information to and from parents or careers at the end of the school day and I provide administration duties as and when the teacher requires. To support the school I participate in any training and learning activities and any performance development meetings as and when required, I contribute to the overall ethos of the school, I am aware of and support difference and ensure all pupils have equal access to opportunities to learn and discover and to be aware of and comply with policies and procedures relating to child protection, health, safety and security, confidentiality and data protection, reporting all concerns to an appropriate person. To help support the curriculum I help prepare and maintain equipment/resources as directed by the teacher and assist the pupils in their use, also supporting the pupils in using basic ICT as directed by the teacher. I support the pupils in respect to national and local learning strategies e. g. literacy, numeracy, early years as directed by the teacher and help pupils understands instructions that have been given by the teacher. Previous interests and experiences I enjoyed school and took part in lots of school activities like the school productions and the school summer floats at carnival time, I also learnt to play the flute which gained me a place in the school orchestra. I was confident and never had problems making friends, although I did struggle with my school work, but I never let it beat me, I always strived to do my best. I have always been able to take the initiative and have a positive and adaptable personality. I find it easy to fit in with my surroundings and work well as part of a team or on my own. Since leaving school, I’ve worked for various companies, big and small. I’ve been a company administrator for a large company, which built up my confidence working as part of a team which encouraged me to be more efficient with my time as I had to work to strict deadlines, gaining knowledge on company policies and procedures and improving my ICT, and communication skills. I was also a care worker for a care agency where confidentiality was paramount; I went to client’s homes to perform various duties from personal care to shopping and housework. It’s through this job that I learnt skills to encourage people to be independent and carry out simple instructions/tasks. It’s also through this job that I learnt the importance of confidentiality and to keep completely accurate, up to date client observational records. I have three children of my own now and the experiences gained from being a mother, on top of the experiences gained from previous employment and my current employment, has enabled me to make the clear decision that I would like to pursue a career as a teaching assistant as I feel that the skills I’ve gained through life are all relevant to a teaching assistant’s role and skills that I have acquired for life. Key theories and concepts Both Piaget and Vygotsky were instrumental in forming a scientific approach on cognitive development in children. Jean Piaget was one of the first psychologists to reveal that children reason and think differently at different periods in their lives. Piaget considered development went through four stages: Sensori-motor: Pre-Operational: Concrete Operational and the formal Operational stage. The Sensori-motor period (0-2 yrs) is the first stage, as the infants interactions are based on exploring their environment through their senses and abilities, such as grasping and sucking, this also includes practice play as the infant is able to repeat actions continually, but with no intention. The pre-Operational stage (2-7 yrs) is where children’s language is rapidly developed, allowing them to express themselves. They start to use pretend play and parallel play which means children are talking but it is not directed at anyone in particular. The Concrete operation (7-11 yrs) and Formal Operational (11-adult) periods are the third and fourth stages. These are not usually considered in early childhood education but they are still equally important as they are able to think realistically and logically about situations and understand their world (Pulaski. 1980) Vygotsky believes children’s learning of new cognitive skills is guided by an adult or a more skilled child, such as an older sibling, who structures the child’s learning experience, a process Vygotsky called scaffolding. To create an appropriate scaffold, the adult must gain and keep the child’s attention, model the best strategy and adapt the whole process to the child’s developmental level. Vygotsky used this term to signify tasks that are too hard for the child to do alone, but can manage with guidance. Children do seem to follow a certain internal structure, for example grasping and touching, but not all children learn in the same way or at the same pace. A classic example of Vygotskys scaffolding theory can be seen with my two sons, the youngest that at the time was in nappies wanted to use the big toilet like his big brother, so as suggested by Vygotsky, my eldest son used the scaffolding technique. Vygotskys ideas have important educational applications, like Piagets, Vygotskys theory suggest the importance of opportunities for active exploration. But assisted discovery would play a greater role in a Vygotskian classroom than in a Piagetian class: The teacher would provide the scaffolding for children’s discovery, through questions, demonstrations and explanations. To be effective, the assisted discovery processes would have to be within the zone of proximal development of each child (Bee and Boyd, p38. (2009) Cognitive learning is not just internal but also external. Piaget believed that developmental growth was learned in stages. Vygotsky believed that learning was a social and progressive process that did not start or stop at a certain stage or age. A child’s activity plays a key role in the way they learn. I believe that both these theories go hand in hand and that the environmental factors do influence learning behaviours. Training needs My overall aim is to become a qualified teaching assistant, for primary school aged children, which I will gain through completing this course and with the ongoing training I am receiving at work. I aim to develop a better understanding of the ways in which children learn and be more involved in the planning and preparation of lessons. Even though I am a valued member of staff, I still feel that I need to develop my relationships further with professional bodies. I feel I also need to develop my leadership skills further, in order for me to improve my effectiveness in leading pupils through a class activity.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Street Pizza Essay Example

Street Pizza Essay Example Street Pizza Paper Street Pizza Paper Essay Topic: Main Street While driving to his office in Cabanas-e-Insist, Phase 6, Tanager Hussy was thinking about the good old days when he started 14th Street with his two best friends Invigilated and Maximum. Despite the amazing response that they initially got, the ship now seems to be quite in a bit of a lurch. Started by three best friends, 14th Street was supposed to be the next big thing. Being the pioneers of the 20 pizza they intended to knockout the pizza giants like Pizza Hut and Dominos and they were successful initially. But then woo of the partners, Navigated and Maximum jumped ship and went to Dublin to look after their other business and became the sleeping partners at 14th Street. Tanager now looks after all the operations alone and he is smart enough to know that things are not going as smoothly as he would like them to be. He is unable to control his costs and therefore he is forced to sell his pizza at a higher price than his other counterparts but he does not have much choice. Knee deep in payable he is unable to come up with a solution as to how to reduce his cost or justify the high price. He expanded his business to there major areas of Karachi thinking that that will help him in increasing his revenues but even that didnt work out as well as he expected due to growing number of pizza joints that offer similar product as 14th Street such as California, Broadway, and New York Pizza. The competition is really tough and the switching cost for the consumer is practically zero. So why should they buy, high priced, 14th street Pizza when they can easily go for a cheaper and similar brand? Adamant to not compromise on the quality of Pizza, Tanager is now looking for options that he can choose from to get back on firm grounds. He has assigned this task to his 6, highly qualified and motivated employees to come up with solutions to help this sinking ship get out of the thunderstorm and back on calm seas. They will be presenting their recommendations today and he is quite hopeful that their recommendations will be worth his time. Background Evolving from a traditional family recipe, 14th Street Pizza Co. Has come a long way. It was launched in Karachi, on 14th February 201 1 by three friends Tanager Hussy, Invigilated, and Maximum as partners sharing 40%, 30%, and 30% respectively. Two years before launching 14th Street Pizza, the friends had bought a franchise Of subway located at Shabby commercial DAD Karachi. The franchise is still up and running and has earned the reputation of the best franchise of subway all over Pakistan. 14th street pizza was the first brand in Pakistan to introduce 20 inch thick pizza, which was enough to serve maximum 8 people. They were also the Satirists joint to introduce customization of each slice of pizza. Before the launch of 14th Street Pizza, for 20 years, people only had few other options such as Pizza Hut and Dominos. People loved 14th Street Pizza and they got amazing response, more than they could handle. Initially 14th Street only got delivered in DAD and Clifton but after the amazing reviews and positive response they started their delivery operations in major areas of Karachi. Recently they have also started franchising. It was very hard to keep up with the thriving demand soon after its launch. Thats when the real test began, but they faced the challenge with gusto and were soon back on the table with a better team and a bigger kitchen. Today, more than three years later, 14th Street Pizza still tanks tall. The pioneers of the 20-inch pizza in Pakistan, 14th Street Pizza Co. Has grown from being a corner pizza delivery place in Karachi to one of the most recognized pizza delivery places, operating branches at 5 prime locations of Karachi: Cabanas-e-Shabby, Cabanas-e-Insist, KID, SMS, North Amazonian. 14th Street Pizza also operates in the Blue Area Of Islamabad and also recently launched in Manual. The first thing you notice about their pizza is the size. But thats just not it. Their motto is to use crust to give you fuller taste and an unforgettable flavor. Their aim is to use premium laity ingredients to give you a pizza that not only looks and tastes great but is also up to the highest standards of freshness and quality. They believe in providing their customers with an exceptional customer service and believe that their customers are their driving force and would like to make sure that they are 100% satisfied with their products. A passion for pizza and an unending devotion to keep delivering the biggest, yummiest pizza in town, fuelled by the love, encouragement and feedback of their fans, gives 14th Street Pizza co. He power to expand beyond belief. Pakistani Pizza Market Pakistani food industry has witnessed an exceptional growth over the years. Food industry in Pakistan shares 17% of the total GAP. A major chunk of this growth is coming from the local pizza market which includes big multinational names such as Pizza Hut, Dominos, and Broadway, as well as local pizza brands such as 14th street pizza, California pizza, Pizza next, Pizza point etc. Trends in the Industry The pizza trend has entered into mainstream. It all started when Pizza Hut introduced its business in Pakistan in 1993. Pizza hut is considered as the pioneer in the pizza market and has remained a dominant player since. To penetrate into the market further they have tailored their menu to local taste by introducing flavors such as chicken tike, shakable etc. After Pizza Hut, Dominos Pizza and Papa Johns entered the pizza business and things psychoanalytically. Five to eight years later if we talk about the growth of pizza business in Pakistan there were only two established names in the business that were both multinational chains, Pizza Hut and Dominos. However, the market developed significantly in the last few years and to cater to the appetite of pizza lovers many new local players have launched their operations. Market statistics According to a recent statistics fast food industry is the second largest in Pakistan, with approximately 16. 9 million consumers. The consumption level of food mainly depends upon the number of consumers and their income level. Pakistanis total population is growing with a yearly population growth rate of 1. 67%. Out of the total population of Pakistan 37% are the urban and 63% rural with different income classes. Exhibit Shows the size of different classes In the urban population. About 17 million people are in the upper or upper middle class who can actually afford fast food. The average person spends 47. 7 percent Of his or her household budget on food consumed at home. Only less than 2% of Pakistanis total population spends on fast foods regularly. Current Market Situation We have recently seen the success ventures of food portals like EAT EYE and FOOD PANDA. The food portals have made the life of consumers very easy by providing them with both the discounts as well as quick delivery. Pizza companies got a huge benefit through this as consumers get more attracted towards their product. Country like Pakistan is still following the incept of cooking the food at home, if we observe countries like US and KICK their fast food market is far bigger than us because of the fact that their busy households now prefer to eat outside rather than cooking food at home. Slowly and gradually Pakistanis urban population is also adopting the same trend and this is the reason why these fast food chains earn massive profits with an even higher future revenue forecasts. STOW Analysis Strengths Weaknesses The high quality of the ingredients that are used in making 14th street pizza. Pioneers of the 20 Pizza category in Pakistan and have managed to build a potable brand name. High focus on customer service and on time delivery of Pizza. Highly customized slices to cater to the different tastes of the consumers. They dont have any service restaurants like Pizza Hut, Dominos and California Pizza. Lack of awareness about 14th street as it is still not a very known brand in some parts of Karachi. Opportunities The reads Opening kiosks in shopping malls and food courts. Open up service restaurants to attract consumers who want to dine out. Add more variety to their menu such as pasta and lasagna. Continuous innovation in tastes and sizes to keep the customers interested y offering them something new. Introduce customer loyalty program for brand loyal 14th Street lovers. An increase in the trend of online ordering because of food portals like Food Panda and Tattoo. Poor economic conditions forcing people to dine out less. Increased prices Of ingredients, which subset intently increases the cost Of product thus reducing the profit margins. Low switching cost for consumers between brands. Availability of Cheaper substitutes. Rise in number of competitors offering the same product. Competitors Analysis Competition for pizza takes into account direct competitors as well as indirect motorists (substitute products like burger, steaks,pastas etc. ). Pizza market has developed considerably in a last few years and several local and international players have come into play. 4th street pizza in the first few years of its business has received a great deal of fame and earned a name for itself mainly due to the ingenuity and uniqueness of their content. Let purely deals in home delivery and takeaway. Amongst local competitors its is the brand with highest market share but overall it ranks number 3 with 10% market share According to the CEO of 14th street pizza The daily intentions, the engaging interactions and t he high stakes giveaways are all proofs of the ways in which we seek to delight our customers and ensure that we stay the top of the mind brand when one thinks of ordering pizza. Pizza Hut Pizza hut first started its operations in 1958 and entered Pakistan in 1993. They are the pioneers of pizza in Pakistani market and are also the biggest player when it comes to dine in because of its delighting pizza and spacious restaurants with good ambiance and comfortable atmosphere. Being a pioneer it has got the largest share in market but its sales are plummeting cause of the prevailing trend of large pizzas. Their social media presence, stands at around 900,000 followers as compared to 14th Street Pizza reaching a million fans on their Faceable page in the same month. Since its inception Pizza hut is known to be the market leader even today it holds 35% of the total pizza market followed by another international brand, Dominos which stands at number 2 with 20% market share. Broadway Pizza It started its operations initially in Lahore after getting a positive response from there it recently launched in Karachi. With amazing sidelines, stirring labors and huge size Broadway is getting popular among scratchiest and the market share of Broadway pizza has reached 9% a little lower than that of 14th Street Pizza. It has got an active website and worth using Faceable page. It also offers the most lavish toppings. There is fierce competition been Broadway and Pizza Point, which also has a 9% of the total market share. The New York Pizza The New York Pizza is popular for its large thin crust foldable pizzas. They offer delicious toppings and sauces besides delivering Gingko pizza. New York is widespread and much known with much lower market share than Aziza hut and slightly lower than 14th street pizza. It has around 22,000 Faceable fans with 5% market share. California Pizza To know if California pizza is a good option one needs to go its main location that is next to Dominos in Abdullah. This outlet is always flooded withheld. It offers as big as 20 pizza and has good service restaurants besides having feasible rates. California pizzas user-friendly website and promotional activities on Faceable page with 1 90,462 likes helps surge its sales. In Exhibit ahoy can see the comparative prices of a standard large pizza of the competing brands. Comparison Between Competitors We took a sample size of 67th of which 29 were students, 30 jobholders, and 3 businessmen. After analyzing the results of our research, we found out that despite being a high priced product most of the respondents believe the price of 14th street pizza to be justified. We conclude that there are several reasons for this perception such as the quality, size, and taste of 14th street pizza. As an individual brand people have the following perception about dustsheet: 54% of the respondents think that the price of 1 4th street pizza is good, that is justified. % of the respondents think that the Quality of 14th street is excellent and 42% think it is good, which makes the majority of the respondent. 45% of the respondents think that the taste of 14th street is excellent and 37% think that it is good, which is again the majority of the respondents. 52% of the respondents think that their service is good, while 27% think that this it is excellent. We compared 14th street with the following pizza joints: Pizza Hut Dominos Broadway New York We compared these on the following attributes: Quality Price Taste Service Size And came to the following conclusion: QUALITY If we compare the result of 14th street with the rest of the Pizza joint we can clearly see that it surpasses all other brands in terms of quality according to the respondents. With Pizza Hut being the second best choice. PRICE At this the results were pretty much the same for all other brands but respondents believe that 14th street pizza is slightly high priced as compared to other brands as 31 % of the respondents ranked it at 4 and 22% of the respondents ranked it at 5 (5 being the highest). TASTE 14th Street got the highest ranking in terms of taste as 45% of the exponents ranked it 5 and 30% ranked the taste of 14th street at 4. While Dominos, California Pizza, New York Pizza, and Broadway Pizza got the highest ranking around 3, which signifies average taste. SERVICE 43% of the respondents ranked 14th street 4 for service and 30% ranked it 5 (5 being the highest). Again we can see that that Dominos, California, New York and Broadway got the highest ranking around 3, which signifies average service in comparison to 14th Street. SIZE From the result it is clear that when it comes to size, the first name that comes to people mind is 14th street. Although Broadway, New York and California pizza Offer the same product but 14th street got the highest ranking in comparison to all. Whats Wrong With 14th Street? 14th street pizzas biggest problem is their higher pricing compare to their competitors, and reason is not that it is a premium brand, but its because their food costs and their expenses are so high that they have to reflect some it in their prices. In Exhibit ewe kept their most selling product, which is Full 20 inch pizza as a benchmark, to estimate the rough impact of their costs on the prices. Currently the price of 20 full pizza is RSI. 899. By seeing Exhibit 3 one can infer that providing best quality of ingredients is the prime focus of 14th Street Pizza. Mozzarella cheese, which is the most expensive ingredient of all, gets 24% of the price. Mozzarella cheese is imported from France of the brand Aerial; it is one of the top used mozzarella brands all over the World. Even the chicken topping used in their Pizza is supplied by the top chicken quality providers KNs. The management of 14th Street is not at all in the favor of reducing the quality of the Ingredients they use in order to cut down their overall costs. Losing their current customer base as a result of using lower quality ingredients is something that they cannot afford. A brief detail of the rest of the monthly expenses can be seen in Exhibit 4. Number of Employees 14th street pizza currently has around 400 riders, 250 kitchen and commissary labors, and 30 professional employees. 5. Million rupees in monthly payroll is still a very high expense for a small local brand like 14th Street. Marketing Expenditure They are also keen on advertising their brand and products through appropriate channels they could use to reach to their target market, usually hey are spending on streamers, billboards, and most of all social media where their actual target market is present. Utilities Their utiliti es are supposed to be higher because big machineries like Pizza ovens and room size chillers, those all are running on electricity. Payable The other pressing problem for the management is their increasing payable. They owe their food suppliers around 25 million rupees and rest to equipment and oven providers. These payable also reflect on their pricing strategy. Outsourcers In order to make up for the lost revenues, 14th Street also started to outsource their marketing and IT services to other business. This might seem like a good move but can have long term implications. Recommendations In light of all the above-mentioned problems of 14th Street Pizza, the team of six came up with the following recommendations: 14th street needs to stop providing their services to other businesses as outsourcers. This will not only help them focus more on their own operations but it will also allow the top management to right size their business and only keep the employees who add value to the companys operations. This action will subsequently lead to a significant decrease in their monthly salaries, which is a massive burden on a company as small as 14th street. The management should clearly write down the objectives that they want to achieve through their pricing strategies. Since they are already selling their product at a loss, bringing down their prices is not an option that they can avail. The next best thing that they can do is to position their product as a premium Pizza brand. They can achieve this through proper communication and marketing strategies. According to Exhibit 2, the prices of the competitors such as New York and Broadway Pizza re exactly the same bringing the price any higher than this might result in loss of existing customer base since the cost of switching for a consumer is practically zero. Focus on market penetration so as to increase the entry barriers of new entrants. Make the most of the food delivery portals such as Food Panda and Tattoo to attract more and more customers towards their brand by offering different deals. Increase communication and communicate to the consumers why they should go for 14th street instead of Broadway, New York or California Pizza. Low-end Pizza joints such as Pizza Hut, Pizza Point, Pizza Max, etc. Are a serious threat. They are not only lower end but they also cater to a large population that cannot afford expensive pizza brands.